The Archaic Period. Basics Of Matlab And Beyond Pdf. The Archaic Period 8. BCThe Archaic, or old period of ancient Greece was, until the discovery of the Mycenaean Civilization, thought to have been the beginning of Greek history. Although we now know that Greek history dates back to the Mycenaean times, the Archaic Period was a time of re birth. Between the Mycenaean times and the Archaic Period was the Greek Dark Ages, a time of low population, iron making, lawlessness, lack of art, and illiteracy not being able to read or write. To understand the changes in the Archaic Period, we should review the Dark Ages of Greece. The poet Homer gives us our best look into this period in his poems, the Iliad and the Odyssey. Oligarchy Armor Games' title='Oligarchy Armor Games' />The Dark Ages, according to these poems, was a time when kings had limited power. Kings are described as being poor farmers, thieves, and pirates. There was an aristocracy that ruled during the Dark Ages, men, whose families had attained power, but these men were not rich, nor did they have the total power of the Mycenaean kings before them. No one person could elevate himself above the rest. Dark Age Greeks could not read or write during this time illiteracy. A persons loyalty was first to himself, and his family, not to his country. Greece was under populated, because there was a limited food supply. The Greeks had no contact with the outside world, like Egypt and Mesopotamia. All of this changed in the Archaic Period. The Olympic Games. One event that occurred during the Archaic Period was the creation of the Olympic Games, traditionally set at 7. This is an incomplete list of wars between entities that have a constitutionally democratic form of government and actually practice it. Two points are required that. Words may be combined into phrases. Some phrases become popular over the years and are applied to situations other than originally intended. These phrases take on a. A linebyline analysis of Platos Apology, written by Kelley Ross. BC. Although the Olympics took place in Elis, Greece in the Peloponnesus, this contest was not a local event. The Olympics was an event open to all Greek speaking peoples, where ever they may have come from. The Greeks began to think of themselves as having something in common. At the Olympics, the Greeks were given the opportunity to achieve great things. The Greeks did not believe in a life after death, rather, they believed that immortality was achieved by making a name for yourself, through physical achievements, beauty, and speech. Public adulation was important, and the Olympic Games, which occurred every four years, gave Greeks this opportunity. Winners in the Olympics were considered heroes and stars back in their city states, and their names lived on for generations. A New Writing System. Literacy returned during the Archaic Period, not with the Mycenaean Linear B, but with a new writing system, the Greek alphabet. Plato, the Greek philosopher, once said, The Greeks never invented anything, but what they borrowed, they improved upon. This is true of the alphabet, which was originally invented by the Phoenicians of the Middle East. In an alphabet, symbols represent sounds, since most languages have about 3. Systems like cuneiform and hieroglyphics had hundreds of characters to memorize, therefore, very few people could read and write with these systems. The Greeks and the Phoenicians were seafaring people. Like the Mycenaeans, Greeks during the Archaic Period began to reach out and make contact with people outside of the Greek world. When the Greeks saw the Phoenician alphabet, they borrowed most of the symbols for their own sounds. Some Phoenician sounds are not used in Greek, so the Greeks used the Phoenician symbols for those sounds to represent vowel sounds. Oiligarchy Delicious, profitable, stinky oil Lets get stupid rich, huh Trash the environment, bribe the politicians and squish the little peoples. Dont feel. Dungeon Masters Guide Free ebook download as PDF File. Text File. txt or read book online for free. The Archaic Period 800500BC The Archaic, or old period of ancient Greece was, until the discovery of the Mycenaean Civilization, thought to have been the beginning. Oligarchy Armor Games' title='Oligarchy Armor Games' />The Phoenicians did not have symbols for vowels This improvement made reading ancient Greek easier, and more Greeks became literate. Colonization, Trade and Coins. The Greeks began to colonize and settle in areas outside of the Greek mainland during the Archaic Period. Oligarchy Armor Games' title='Oligarchy Armor Games' />The first colony outside of the Aegean Sea was at the Bay of Naples in Italy around 7. BC, the second, at Syracuse on the Island of Sicily. The Greeks began to spread from the Aegean sea to all of the Mediterranean Sea. The reason for colonization during this time was an increase in population with scarce land in Greece to farm. People took the opportunity to find farmland in distant places. The Greeks came in contact with Mesopotamia and borrowed from this more advanced area, they also began to trade again with Egypt. The Greeks came in contact with the Lydians of Asia Minor who were the first people to use money in the form of electrum combination of gold and silver coins. The Greeks first used Lydian coins, and then created their own coinage system. There is a great story about King Croesus of Lydia, the richest man in the world, as told by the Greek historian, Herodotus. Solon, a wise man from the Greek city state of Athens, was invited to stay at the palace of King Croesus in Sardis, the capital of his Lydian Empire. Croesus showed Solon a vault packed entirely with gold nuggets and gold dust. After showing Solon his gold, Croesus asked Solon who was the most fortunate man Solon had ever known in all of his travels. Expecting Solon to answer that Croesus was the most fortunate man, the king was shocked to hear that Tellus of Athens was the most fortunate man Solon had ever known. What Greeks valued in the Archaic Period. To understand Solons reply, we need to understand the greatest change during the Archaic Period, the rise of the polis, or Greek city state. The Greek polis included an acropolis high city that was the old citadel or hill top fortress from the Dark Ages, and the farmland that surrounded it. Unlike the city states of Mesopotamia, the Greek polis was not only a location, but included the men who were the citizens of the polis. Mesopotamian city states were ruled by kings, and all of the people living there were subjects to the king, in a Greek polis, citizens had a say in the governing of the city state and a king was not welcome. This type of government was unheard of in the ancient world until the Greek Archaic Period. Our word politics actually comes from the word polis. The Greeks in the Archaic period took pride in their polis, and placed its well being ahead of personal or family gain. This was a big change from the Dark Ages, when people looked out for themselves and their families first. In the Archaic Period, there was no greater achievement than to die, defending your polis. Now back to the story of Tellus of Athens. Solon considered Tellus the most fortunate man he had ever meet. Solon told King Croesus that Tellus lived in Athens when his polis was prosperous. Tellus raised two strong sons and lived to see grand children, and Tellus died in battle, serving his country, and was given a public funeral by his countrymen. Aristocracy and the new Independent Farmer. In the Dark Ages an aristocracy ruled Greece. Aristocracy means rule of the best. People were born into the aristocracy, and these families controlled the polis at the early stages of the Archaic Period. Then, gradually, farmers outside of the aristocracy gained control of family plots of land, and gained some wealth. The farmers could afford armor, and therefore could help defend the polis in war. Unfortunately, war was common among the Greek poleis plural for polis. Greece had a limited amount of farmland, Greek poleis would fight each other for land. Each polis lined up in an infantry formation known as the phalanx, a word that means roller. A phalanx is a large, organized block of men, as many as 2. There were not enough men in the old aristocracy to create an army this large, so many of the soldiers came from the new farmer class. Tyrants and Tyranny. Now that the farmers were serving as soldiers, they started to demand a say in government.